How to Read a Crochet Pattern: Abbreviations and Symbols Explained

Crochet patterns can look like a secret code the first time you open one: "Rnd 3: (sc, inc) x6 [18]". Once you know the abbreviations and symbols, reading them is easy. Here's a beginner-friendly guide, using US terms like all WacommPatterns patterns.

Common crochet abbreviations (US)

What the symbols mean

• ( ) x6 or * * x6: repeat everything inside the brackets or between the asterisks 6 times.
• [18] or (18) at the end: the total number of stitches you should have after that round. Count your stitches to check!
• Rnd vs Row: rounds are worked in a circle (common for amigurumi and hats); rows are worked back and forth (common for bags and blankets).

Let's read an example

Rnd 3: (sc, inc) x6 [18] means: work 1 single crochet in the next stitch, then 2 single crochets in the following stitch. Repeat that pair 6 times. At the end of the round you should have 18 stitches.

Tips before you start

• Read the whole pattern once before you pick up your hook.
• Check the materials list for yarn weight and hook size.
• Use a stitch marker to mark the first stitch of each round.
• Count your stitches at the end of every round, especially at the start.

Try it on a real pattern

The best way to learn is to make something small. Download one of our free patterns, or browse our beginner-friendly patterns.

Our free Scalloped Round Basket pattern is a good first try: it is worked in rounds of half double crochet, with a simple shell edging.